SEED Guides Sub-System Specification - Planar Mechanisms < >

3. Factors Influencing Type Selection
Timing

Need the optimum time for each portion of the output, including dwells, be specified independently of the remainder?

Control of Acceleration

Are the velocity and acceleration characteristics smooth and continuous? Are the magnitudes and locations of the extreme velocities and accelerations of all members acceptable?

Dwells

Are absolute dwells needed? Would an approximate 'hesitation¹ be acceptable? (is any reversal of velocity acceptable?)

Precision Points

Need a specific displacement or velocity be obtained at a given input position?

Dynamic balance

Is good dynamic balance readily attainable?

Force transmission

Is the mechanical advantage adequate at all positions? Are there inherent dead-centre positions? Can the mechanism start from any position?

Configuration

Does the geometry suit the relative positions of input and output? Is the available space adequate?

Structural design

Design the mechanism for high strength/mass and stiffness/mass ratios. Parallel connection of members of planar mechanisms introduces twisting moments, cleavis (yoke) connections are preferable.

The natural frequency must not be a harmonic of the forcing frequency. The output acceleration must be a smooth continuous function (i.e. the jerk, d3y / dt3, must be finite throughout) to prevent shock loading and consequent vibration. Cam profiles must be finished to precision tolerances.

COMPARISON OF TYPES OF MECHANISM

FACTOR LINKAGE SLIDER CRANK CAM

CONTROL OF TIMING

CONTROL OF OUTPUT MOTION

DWELLS


PRECISION POINTS

DYNAMIC BALANCE

SPACE

ACCURACY

 

FORCE CLOSURE


COST

LIMITED WITHIN WHOLE CYCLE

DIFFICULT- MAX ACC'N MAY BE HIGH

'HESITATION' WITH 6-BAR

POSSIBLE

DIFFICULT

MOST

NORMAL
MANUFACTURING
TOLERANCES

INHERENT


CHEAP

ONLY BY OFF-SETTING CRANK

NONE- LOW MAX ACC'N


IMPOSSIBLE


IMPOSSIBLE

POSSIBLE

MEDIUM

NORMAL
MANUFACTURING
TOLERANCES

INHERENT


CHEAP

EASY


EASY


ABSOLUTE


POSSIBLE

POSSIBLE

LEAST

PRECISION

 

SPRING OR 2ND PROFILE

EXPENSIVE

TYPICAL
ACCELERATION CURVE*
Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16

SUITABLE APPLICATIONS OF MECHANISMS